perfluoroalkyl substances

Often referred to as "forever chemicals,” perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic chemicals widely used in various consumer products since the 1950s. They can be found in everyday items such as food packaging, stain-resistant carpets, nonstick cookware, and water-resistant clothing. PFAS are highly resistant to environmental degradation. Studies have shown that some types of PFAS can accumulate in the bodies of humans and other animals. People are typically exposed to PFAS by consuming PFAS-contaminated water or food, breathing air containing PFAS, or using any of the wide array of consumer products made with PFAS. Repeated exposure can potentially lead to increased blood levels of PFAS over time.

Research conducted in 2023 by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) shows links between exposure to PFAS and adverse health outcomes such as metabolism, pregnancy, immune function, and (in children) cognitive and neurobehavioral development.